After years of reform and development，basic medical insurance system features stronger social functions，lower burden for individuals，and higher insurance amounts. The unification of urban residence medical insurance and new rural cooperative medical insurance systems eased the fragmentation problem of social insurance，helped service and regulation capabilities to improve and made the insurances more portable. But along with population aging in China，problems such as higher deficit risk of medical insurance funds，heavy load，low supervision and regulation capabilities and negotiation capabilities. Therefore，in order to adapt to changes in demographic structure and advancement of medical technologies，old-age care insurance should be established，medical insurance fund supervision should be enhanced by information-based approaches，reform of payment channels should be pushed forward，the hospital-patient-insurance three party management mechanism should be improved in order to support the sustainable development of health care undertakings in China.