This paper gives the opinion that traditional Chinese medicine，as an intangible cultural heritage，is the knowledge about the life，health and disease，as well as the medical practice and the related ceremonies to maintain health. This kind of knowledge and practice is generated under the guidance of the cultural thoughts such as the thought of “oneness of man and nature”，based on the traditonal culture of different ethnic groups. The core concept of traditional medicine heritage protection is about the protection of cultural thoughts. Based on this opinion，this paper gives an idea that to protect the traditional medicine heritage，it is a must to build a protection system based on the core concept of protecting the cultural thoughts，which is constituted by three levels of “the excavation and research”，“inherit，protect and practice” and “dissemination and use of”.