The empirical research based on CHES 2011survey data indicates that：1. The non-agricultural employment proportion of mothers of rural children at the age of 0-5 in the minority-concentrated western region is lower than that of non-0-5 children’s mothers of the same age group due to childcare；2. Rural women at 18-24 child-bearing age have the lowest non-agricultural employment proportion compared with those of other age groups；3. For 18-40-aged men and women in non-agricultural employment away from hometown，old people living together with them and more adult laborers in the family have active influence on non-agricultural employment in different regions. 4. After Muslim ethnic-minorities mothers increase non-agricultural employment，level of increase of their poverty-stricken families’per capita income exceeds that of families of non-Muslim ethnic-minorities mothers and Han-nationality mothers. How to promote more young ethnic-minorities people to join labor transfer force is still an important problem to be solved urgently. The research holds that：first，efforts should be done to quicken economic development in the western minority-concentrated region，to provide local area with more non-agricultural employment opportunities；2. With conditions available，efforts should be made to enhance childcare services in public products，so as to make ethnic-minorities parents more possible to carry out non-agricultural work.