China’s education system in terms of the division and durations of primary，lower-secondary and upper secondary education respectively was discussed. Such division was a product of the development of modern schooling. In recent years，as China’s education reform advanced，the issue of education system reform had been raised. 1951 school system was not suitable for the current status of China’s social modernization and education development，development and promulgation of new academic system became theoretical consensus on the reform of the school system. It was necessary to clarify the historical background of the development of the academic system and draw lessons from the basic experience of the reform of the foreign school system，and it was needed to diversify the experiment based on the national unique conditions.