The policy context，historical development and overall survival conditions of schools for children of migrant workers in Beijing，Shanghai and Guangzhou from 2010 to 2015 were reviewed. Based on relevant researches on studying，transferring，continuing studies and employment of students in schools for children of migrant workers，it was indicated that students of schools for children of migrant workers in big cities were faced with the cruel reality of being sent back to their hometowns or dropping out of school in junior high school stage. It revealed their difficulties in continuing studies and finding high-end jobs and implied the inter-generation inheritance of marginalized living conditions.