Beijing has become an international mega-city which has gone through the process of transformation towards “urban society”. Modern “urban society” is characterized by social structure，social system and social mechanism different from those of traditional “rural society”. City transformation has given rise to extremely complicated restructuring of social relations，leading to far more complicated “urban social contradictions” in “city society” and particular than those contradictions in rural society. “Urban social contradictions” includes those of urban congestion，limited urban space，market trading and specialized services as well as risks of science and technology. The characteristic of “urban society” have outmoded the traditional modality of “rural society” governance，which must be transformed and adapted to the features of urban society，that is，the governance system and governance competencies must be modernized.