An analysis of relevant data and materials from the area of women and children health care shows that，compared to registered population and populations of other provinces and municipalities under direct jurisdiction of the Central Government，the floating population is provided with Basic Public Health Services characterized by a “dual structure”，that is，the community-based public health care that is aimed at the health of the floating population and managed as daily service has not been fundamentally consolidated，while “strengthening the makeup vaccination” which is implemented in the manner of mobilization or campaign as an important modality has been increasingly solidified. The dual structure is noticeably inconsistent with the envision of the hygiene and health work in Beijing. The dual structure should be dismantled from the strategic perspective of transforming basic working mode，by changing thinking，shifting the way of resource allocation and reforming the system of appraisal and stimulation.